Russian Roulette
Thanks to rapacious bankers, Chernomyrdin is back. But few believe he can do what's right for the country
By PAUL QUINN-JUDGE Moscow
That faith can anyone put in Boris Yeltsin's words? Five months
ago, the Russian President said Viktor Chernomyrdin was not good
enough to be Prime Minister and fired him. Last week he hired
him back as the "heavyweight" who could save Russia from collapse.
The obvious conclusion is that neither Yeltsin nor Chernomyrdin
nor any of the other figures spinning in and out of the
government's revolving door have a firm plan to quell the
economic and political chaos. And even if one did, he probably
could not muster the political support to make his program
stick. There is, at the core of the Yeltsin regime, a vacuum of
power and an absence of leadership. Yeltsin seems to be
President in name only, a figure so diminished that he was
forced onto national TV last Friday to insist, "I'm not going to
resign." The merry-go-round of Prime Ministers bespeaks the
destructively ad hoc nature of the country's governance. No
wonder Russians and the rest of the world were left wondering
anxiously last week, Is anyone in charge here?
Well, yes, in a way. Stepping boldly in to exploit the crisis
was money power. Men made rich through political connections in
the post-Soviet economy have wielded substantial influence ever
since they got rich buying up government assets at bargain
prices and two years ago financed Yeltsin's come-from-behind
election victory. The reappointment of Chernomyrdin, the
ponderous former natural-gas bureaucrat who was for years
Yeltsin's most obedient Prime Minister, signals the intention of
these rich men to obtain a government that will protect their
ill-gotten assets.
Of course, they could not have done so without the consent of
the man most responsible for the mess, Boris Yeltsin. As the
economy crumbled around him, the physically and politically
ailing President was more isolated than ever, humiliated and
dismissed as irrelevant. Former supporters abandoned him, and
some in the outgoing government even raised doubts about the
loyalty of his staff. No longer hinting at the possibility of a
third term, Yeltsin was left struggling to convince the Russian
political establishment that he should serve out the last two
years of his term.
Smelling blood in the economic meltdown, the lower house of
parliament, or Duma, took the offensive, calling for Yeltsin to
resign, demanding a greater share of power and disdainfully
offering the President guarantees that he would not be
prosecuted or harassed once he left office. More troubling
still, the communists, led by Gennadi Zyuganov, prepared to
parlay the failure of Russia's cutthroat capitalism into a
rollback of the reforms that, for better or worse, have been
credited to Yeltsin's account, such as a freely convertible
ruble, a tight money supply, even some industrial privatization.
Behind the machinations that brought back Chernomyrdin stood one
nimble figure in particular--Boris Berezovsky, financial baron
turned political wheeler-dealer, the most ruthless of the
so-called New Russians in the art of turning money into power.
Unlike the men officially running the government, he always
knows what he wants and has the brashness, tenacity and clout to
get it. For him. Yeltsin's weakness offered a chance to
strengthen the puppet strings.
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