George W. Bush: American Revolutionary (pages 2—3)
1. Time's editors selected Bush for sharpening the political debate in America and for "gambling his fortunes—and ours—on his faith in the power of leadership."
2. Bush views his decision to push for the transformation of Afghanistan and then Iraq as the heart of not only his foreign policy, but also of his election victory.

In Victory's Glow (page 4)
1. Bush won 286 electoral votes; Kerry won 251.
2. Bush's approval rating before the election was 49%; anything below 50% is supposed to signal defeat for the incumbent. Further, the Iraq war is costing far more than Bush said it would. And he faced an opponent who was a decorated veteran and a distinguished public servant.

Four More Years (page 5)
1. According to the "legacy school," Bush will change course on Iraq, address the budget deficit, expand healthcare, and work with Democrats. The second school of thought, reflecting the views of neoconservatives, opposes bipartisanship and diplomacy. According to this view, Bush will admit no mistakes on Iraq, confront Iran, pursue the privatization of Social Security, and simplify the tax code.
2. Problems Bush faces include a lack of military resources to continue an expansive and unilateral foreign policy, a shortage of money for his domestic goals, hostility from Democrats, and anger among fiscally conservative Republicans.

Interpreting Maps and Graphs (page 8)
1. Six states: CA, TX, NY, FL, IL, PA. Of these, Bush won two: TX and FL.
2.Twelve states: HI, AK, ID, MT, WY, ND, SD, DE, RI, VT, NH, ME (DC does not count because it is not a state). Of these, Kerry won six: HI, DE, RI, VT, NH, ME.
3. 1.4 million
4. Strong turnout in Philadelphia
5. 72% 6. 76% 7. True
8. False
9. 270
10. DC for Kerry; Utah for Bush
11. WI for Kerry; OH for Bush
12. If Kerry had won Ohio's 20 electoral votes or Florida's 27 electoral votes, his total electoral votes would have exceeded 270 and he would have won the election.

Obama's Ascent (page 9)
1. Obama spent his childhood in Hawaii; his father is from Kenya and his mother is from Kansas. After college, he became a community organizer in Chicago and later attended Harvard Law School.
2. His opponents in the primary and general election both suffered from damaging allegations about their personal lives. Then Republicans selected Alan Keyes, who did not live in Illinois and who was viewed as highly conservative, to run against Obama.

What Happens to the Losing Team? (page 10)
1. Democrats raised record sums of cash and persuaded an unprecedented number of volunteers to support them in the 2004 election.
2. Possible Democratic nominees include Hillary Clinton, John Edwards and Howard Dean.

Who Might Be Nominated? (page 11)
1. Chief Justice William Rehnquist is expected to retire soon.
2. Possible nominees include J. Harvie Wilkinson III, J. Michael Luttig, John Roberts, Theodore B. Olson and Janice Rogers Brown.

Condi Gets Her Shot (page 12)
1. Colin Powell
2. Issues on which Rice has changed her position include the U.S. relationship with Russia, the road map to Middle East peace and the use of U.S. troops for nation-building.

Halting the Next 9/11 (page 13)
1. Commission members read 2.5 million documents, many of them classified, and interviewed more than 1,200 people, including Presidents George W. Bush and Bill Clinton.
2. The authors single out U.S. intelligence agencies as in need of an overhaul.

Does the U.S. Need a Draft? (pages 14—15)
1. "Back-door draft" is a term critics have used for the "stop loss" orders that have barred thousands of soldiers at the end of their enlistment obligations from leaving the military if their units are bound for Iraq.
2. The Bush Administration wants to make the military a more mobile, lethal force. Plans include breaking the Army into smaller, more powerful units, taking forces out of areas like Western Europe and South Korea, and transferring military policing and other nation-building skills from the reserves to the active-duty force. In addition, contractors are being hired to perform many non-combat missions.

War by Fits and Starts (pages 16—17)
1. Operation Dawn is intended to put an end to the insurgency that is based in Fallujah and to bring the city under the coalition control.
2. Instead of making the Sunni triangle secure for democracy, the assault on Fallujah may inflame Sunnis and scatter insurgents across a wider area, which could lead to

reduced Sunni participation.

The Great Sunni Hope (page 18)
1. Al-Yawer is the interim President of Iraq, the interim government's highest-ranking Sunni and a sheik of Iraq's most powerful tribe.
2. Al-Yawer says it is important to hold the election on January 30, as scheduled. He argues that the election will help minimize the insurgency by bringing legitimacy to Iraq's government.

The Orange Revolution (pages 19—20)
1. Election monitors reported massive fraud, including voter intimidation, physical assaults and the burning of ballot boxes. In response, supporters of Yushchenko flocked to Kiev's Independence Square to demand that their candidate be recognized as the rightful winner.
2. The dispute has damaged relations between the Bush and Putin Administrations. Bush had been willing to give Putin a free hand in the states that were formerly part of the Soviet Union. But Bush also wants to encourage democracy and therefore opposes Putin's support of Yanukovych.

Democracy In Ukraine (page 21)
1. In the top cartoon, a Russian general is smirking as he grasps the neck of a tiny figure representing democracy. The general's strong grip is causing the democracy figure to suffocate. The middle cartoon shows Vladimir Putin at the helm of a train that represents Russia. A second car, labeled Ukraine, has become detached from the train, symbolizing Ukraine's effort to conduct an election free of Russia's influence. The bottom cartoon shows bottles on a drugstore shelf. One bottle, labeled "Poison," represents the tainted election; a second bottle, labeled "Democracy," is the antidote.
2. Democracy is shown as a frail figure that is turning blue as a result of suffocation by the Russian general.
3. The cartoonist suggests that there has been a rift between Russian and Ukraine. It is not clear whether the railroad car representing Russia is backing up to clasp the Ukrainian car, or whether the two cars will remain separate. The Putin figure looks upset and angry.
4. The bottom cartoon refers to the poisoning of Yushchenko. Fair elections and democracy are portrayed as the antidote to the poison.
5. Answers will vary but should be supported by evidence.

The Tragedy of Sudan (pages 22—23)
1. The Janjaweed is a militia group in Sudan. Its members are Arabs who get financial and military support from the Sudanese government, which hired them to halt an insurgency by non-Arab Muslims.
2. Secretary of State Colin Powell has called the killing in Sudan "genocide," but the international community has taken no punitive action against the government of Sudan.

Iran, Still Defiant (pages 24—25)
1. The standoff is a result of competing claims about Iran's nuclear program. While Iran claims its program is dedicated to peacefully pursuing nuclear energy, the U.S. says that Iran is secretly trying to acquire nuclear weapons.
2. The hard-liners believe that the difficulties the U.S. has faced in Iraq will dissuade it from launching military action against Iran.

The Eternal Agitator (page 26)
1. Instead of considering the proposal or presenting an alternative, Arafat rejected the offer.
2. An aide stated that Arafat was obsessed with the idea that if he agreed to the terms of the Camp David peace talks, then Palestinians would view him as a traitor.

Basketball Brawl (page 27)
1. The nba suspended Artest for the rest of the season; several other players were prohibited from playing for shorter periods. NBA Commissioner David Stern also called for a national debate on the "social contract" between players and fans.
2. Answers will vary but should be supported by evidence.

The Cafeteria Crusader (page 28)
1. Candy bars and sodas have been banned for grade schoolers; chips and cookies are allowed only in small portions; and French fries will be prohibited as of next year.
2. Texas is expected to spend $40 billion a year to treat problems caused by obesity.

The Sky's the Limit (page 29)
1. Time selected SpaceShipOne as its Invention of the Year because of the ingenious way the craft tackles problems of suborbital flight, and because it reignited the dream of space exploration for ordinary Americans.
2. Rutan has vowed to make space travel at least 100 times safer than it has been in the past.

Meltdown! (pages 30—31)
1. The report concluded that over the past 50 years, temperatures in the Arctic have risen twice as fast as in the rest of the globe. In addition, snow cover has diminished on land, Arctic Ocean ice has shrunk, and the permafrost has become less stable.
2. Sea level is expected rise from 4 inches to 3 feet over this period, primarily as a result of melting glaciers and expanded warmer water.
3. Reduced quantities of polar ice could result in new shipping lanes in Russia and Canada; these would increase access to oil and make transportation less costly. Global warming could also enable some species to expand their range.

Current Events In Review (page 32)
1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. b 6. d 7. d 8. a 9. d 10. c 11. K 12. I 13. E 14. F 15. C 16. A 17. H 18. G 19. J 20. L