Hanging By A Thread
A small Belgrade workshop preserves the endangered art of filigree By DEJAN ANASTASIJEVIC
Swathed in city smog, Terazije Boulevard cuts across the
heart of Belgrade. The city is rich in mementos of the Serbian capital's
turbulent history, from the baroque Moskva Hotel to the gray concrete housing
blocks built by the communists during
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The Civljaks have crafted filigree for two centuries.
Marsel Civljak hopes his son will follow tradition
the 1960s. The word Terazije means "weighing scales"
in Turkish, and during some 400 years of Ottoman rule and well
into the 19th century this was a street of merchants and craftsmen.
These days it's lined with shops selling imported goods. But squeezed
between a boutique and a kitchen appliance store, and very easy to miss
if one doesn't know exactly where to look, is one of the few remaining
filigree shops in Serbia.
The ancient art of filigree making fine jewelry and ornaments out
of silver threads is still common in the Middle East and some Asian
countries but is very rare in Europe. Perhaps it's only fitting then that
filigree should survive in the Balkans, a twilight zone between Rome and
Byzantium where cultures collide and things are rarely what they seem.
Inside the workshop, which is the size of a large elevator, labors Marsel
Civljak, a pleasant 46-year-old with fair hair and a short, stubby beard.
Civljak's father, grandfather and great-grandfather were all in the same
trade, and he's not sure how long filigree has been in the family. "I
think Civljaks have been doing this for about two centuries," he says.
His father died when Civljak was still a boy, but he learned the secrets
of the trade from an uncle. "I never wanted to do anything else," he says,
"I love working with silver." Civljak can talk endlessly about silver
and its properties, which he puts above any other precious metal: "You
can combine an opal or a coral with gold or platinum, but it will only
look good with silver. There is a unique shine to it."
Working with silver requires patience and a steady hand. To make a relatively
simple piece a pendant inset with semi-precious stones, for example
Civljak starts by stretching the metal into a 0.15-mm thread. He
then carefully heats the thread, just enough to soften the silver but
not enough to melt it, before using special tools to weave a delicate
lace pattern. "It takes between four and six hours of work to make one
of these," he says, holding up a pendant. "It sells for about $10."
Long ago filigree earrings, hairpins and heavy silver belts were a vital
part of Balkan wedding gear, but those days are gone. The price of silver
jewelry has seldom been lower, and Civljak barely earns enough to survive.
But he seems content, and deeply in love with his craft. "There will always
be people who appreciate beautiful things," he says.
"Sometimes, pieces that my father or grandfather made are returned to
me for repairs. I did not just inherit the shop and the trade, but generations
of customers as well. I am my own boss, and if I don't feel like working,
I can just sit here and watch life on Terazije." Outside, people rush
up and down the boulevard, oblivious to Civljak's modest shop. His 14-year-old
son Simon sits in a corner hunched over a broken snake-shaped ring. Simon
has his father's dreamy eyes. Filigree may be a dying craft in the Balkans,
but in this small space in Belgrade, it is very much alive.