Religion: York to the U. S.

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In Manhattan last week arrived His Grace the Right Honorable and Most Reverend Doctor William Temple, 54, Lord Archbishop of York. This Primate of England is ecclesiastically outranked only by the Defender of the Faith, King George V, and the Primate of All England, the Archbishop of Canterbury. On shipboard the stout, brisk Archbishop received newshawks, spoke newsworthily when one of them suggested that "the church has not shown strength in recent years in maintaining world peace." Replied Dr. Temple: ''I'm afraid I don't know that the church has ever done much to keep the world out of war. I think now for the first time the Christian conscience has been troubled about war in principle. . . . It is likely there will have to be one more great conflict in Europe to definitely establish once & for all an international authority. This conflict will be the most horrible of horribles and possibly this generation will be called on to sacrifice hundreds of thousands of lives.'' William Ebor,* as he signs his letters to the London Times, is an enlightened, erudite divine, son of a onetime headmaster to Oxford's Balliol, lectured in philosophy at Queen's, became headmaster of Repton before he ascended to the bishopric of Manchester. That northern see, with its industrial pinch, led Dr. Temple politically to the Left of his colleague of Canterbury, into the Labor Party and on to the presidency of its Workers Educational Association. With the enthusiasm of a practical social reformer who enjoys playing pool with settlement house moppets, His Grace of York is a leading spirit in "Copec" (Christian Conference on Politics & Economics) but he has now left the Labor Party, feeling himself more useful out of active politics.

Arriving in Washington on the first lap of a crowded itinerary mapped out by his host, the Protestant Episcopal Church, Dr. Temple stepped off the train carrying two umbrellas, was met by Bishop James Edward Freeman, resplendent in silk topper. In the National Cathedral on Sunday, the Archbishop spoke into a microphone:

"We sometimes hear reformers say that business ought not to be competition for private profit but co-operation for public service. That is not the wisest way of putting the matter. . . . Modern business often looks like a huge system—or chaos —of competition for private profit; but it never really is that; it always is cooperation for public service. It is for the public service because if no one wants the product there will be no purchasers, no purchase price, no wages and no profits. Except insofar as it serves the public, business cannot go on at all."