Religion: Marching to Armageddon

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But the real villains for the convention were the leaders of organized Christianity. "They are most responsible for world conditions," declared Vice President Fred W. Franz. He even specified which churchmen are most responsible by virtue of supporting the U.N.—Pope Pius XII (or "the pope of Vatican City" as Knorr calls him), Monsignor Thomas A. Donnellen, vice chancellor of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, the Rev. Dr. John Sutherland Bonnell, pastor of Manhattan's Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church. Overwhelmingly, the assembly approved a resolution denouncing such leaders who "turn their backs on Jesus Christ." These leaders, said the resolution, "have not directed the people to the only means of salvation ... All the blind peoples who follow these blind religious guides will suffer execution with them at God's hands."

In a windup exhortation to a record crowd of 253,922, President Knorr asked what seemed merely a rhetorical question: "God's kingdom rules—is the world's end near?"Answer: Yes, very near. Eagerly the faithful flocked back to their little churches across the earth, the Kingdom Halls, more than 16,000 of them, where shelter is assured when Armageddon strikes.

* Key: "Jerusalem shall be trodden down . . . until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled" (Luke 21:24). Russell decided the "times" began when Nebuchadnezzar overthrew Jerusalem (in 586 B.C. according to historians, in October 607 B.C. according to Russell). Since Israel was to suffer "seven times" for its sins (Leviticus 26:18), Russell had to measure the length of a "time." Revelation, he reasoned, calls 1,260 days 3½ "times," so he doubled that to make seven "times" equal 2,520 days. Discouraging result: 600 B.C. Later he found Jehovah saying (Ezekiel 4:6): "I have appointed thee each day for a year." So Russell changed the 2,520 days to years, subtracted 606 (dropping 607's last two months), got 1914 as the date of Armageddon.

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