Shots on The House

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MODERN MEDICINE CAN PREVENT A HOST OF CHILDhood diseases -- but not if kids don't get their shots. Only half of Americans age 2 and under are given the recommended vaccinations against measles, whooping cough and other diseases. In poor urban neighborhoods, the level is an appalling 10%. To deal with that tragedy, the Clinton Administration is looking at several proposals, including * a plan for the Federal Government to spend as much as $700 million to buy enough of various vaccines to give all children free shots. Currently, the required vaccinations for one child cost more than $250 -- up from less than $25 in 1982.

Drug companies are balking at the giveaway plan because they fear the government will force prices down. Vaccines are not big profitmakers, and widespread discounts could lead manufacturers to abandon the field. Even supporters admit that a free-vaccine program will not be totally successful unless it includes an educational and outreach program to make sure parents get the message.