Out here in open waters are larvaceans that weave their mucous
nets in the shape of human heads, comb jellies, barrel-shaped
salps and 30-ft.-long siphonophores, close relatives of the
Portuguese man-of-war. Without advanced nervous systems, brains,
eyes, all these creatures are nonetheless resourceful and
self-sufficient, able to hunt and defend themselves. Some exist
in chains of organisms, their lines free yet connected, like Saul
Steinberg drawings. They feed by using tentacles or their mucous
nets and drift along in undreamed-of forms--now a bracelet of
liquid diamonds, now a neon trapeze, now a clown's ruffle, now a
bishop's hat that can collapse itself when it needs to kill.
Here too are the suckers, the cephalopods--chambered nautilus,
cuttlefish, octopus and squid. They communicate with light and
color, and they can make art of reproduction; the squids create
egg cases in the shape of white translucent fingers.
Most beautiful and mysterious to me is the Vampyroteuthis
infernalis, the vampire squid from hell. Its body is salmon
colored, its eyes blue--no ordinary blue, but blue that defines
the color, the first blue, the blue open eye of the sea. Once
thought extinct, it can turn inside out, and hide in a cloak of
itself. If one doubts the range of nature's imagination--or sense
of humor--picture a Vampyroteuthis staring into a self-created
darkness, 3,000 ft. below the surface, while nearer shore, an
otter snacks at the top.
"I want you to meet a fish," Earle says to me. Without a
submersible handy, we take the easy way and visit the Monterey
Bay Aquarium, directed by marine biologist Julie Packard. Her
Deepness takes to the place like a five-year-old. She leads me
from exhibit to exhibit, dividing her attention between my
education and anyone else staring at a fish. To a girl in
pigtails eyeing a flounder she says, "See? He's looking at you
too!" Earle is one of those dangerous people whose buoyant charm
can make people do preposterous things. At a mere signal of her
hand, I find myself on all fours, crawling through the toddler
entrance to the exhibit for children.
"I brought my mom here before she died, to show her what kept me
going to the ocean," she says. We come to a shovelnose
guitarfish, named for obvious reasons. A grouper rows by,
sculling with its pectorals. We take in the synchronized swimming
of sardines and the pensive patrol of a leopard shark. She points
out mackerel gleaming in the light. "I have been diving in
shallows like these with the moon overhead," she says. Only half
kidding, she adds, "I consider them all to be holy mackerel."
She is not always the easiest person to be with, especially at
meals; one loses one's appetite for fish. She can rhapsodize
about an Atlantic bluefin tuna until you not only regret every
piece of bluefin sushi in your life; you also begin to see the
tuna her way--as the lion of the deep. "They are perfectly adapted
to their environment," she says. They can travel thousands of
miles, sometimes at 60 m.p.h. And they are built for speed; their
fins retract into slots in their sides. She notes they are also
responsible citizens that, by producing "zillions of eggs," feed
other animals. It is our species' feeding that she complains
about. At Tokyo fish markets a single bluefin goes for as much as
$75,000. The Western Atlantic population is down to 10 percent of its
1970 levels.
I ask her what the attraction of her life's work is. The
scientist in her is drawn to "the place where the history of life
actually can be found, not in fossils but in living creatures
that represent life as it has been, perhaps, from the beginning
of time." The privilege of her vocation is "like having a chance
to dive into your own circulatory system and swim around and see
how it all fits together."
The environmentalist in her cites the interdependency of sea and
land. The redwoods in the region not only collect the moisture
that comes to them as fog, but they also create a suitable
habitat for other life. "Look at the bark of a redwood, and you
see moss," she says. "If you peer beneath the bits and pieces of
the moss, you'll see toads, small insects, a whole host of life
that prospers in that miniature environment. A lumberman will
look at a forest and see so many board feet of lumber. I see a
living city."
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