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But Scenario B has a lot going against it too. The 1998
impeachment fiasco showed just how hard it will be to
restigmatize extramarital sex. Sure, we think adultery is a bad
thing, just not bad enough to disqualify anyone from ruling the
world. Meanwhile, there have been few takers for covenant
marriages, showing that most people like to keep their options
open. Tulane University sociologist Laura Sanchez speculates that
the ultimate effect of covenant marriages may be to open up the
subversive possibility of diversifying the institution of
marriage--with different types for different folks, including,
perhaps someday, even gay folks.
Which brings us to the third big scenario. This is the diversity
option, arising from the realization that the one-size-fits-all
model of marriage may have been one of the biggest sources of
tension between the sexes all along--based as it is on the wildly
unrealistic expectation that a single spouse can meet one's needs
for a lover, friend, co-parent, financial partner, reliably,
24-7. Instead there will be renewable marriages, which get
re-evaluated every five to seven years, after which they can be
revised, recelebrated or dissolved with no, or at least fewer,
hard feelings. There will be unions between people who don't live
together full-time but do want to share a home base. And of
course there will always be plenty of people who live together
but don't want to make a big deal out of it. Already, thanks to
the gay-rights movement, more than 600 corporations and other
employers offer domestic-partner benefits, a 60-fold increase
since 1990.
And the children? The real paradigm shift will come when we stop
trying to base our entire society on the wavering sexual
connection between individuals. Romantic love ebbs and surges
unaccountably; it's the bond between parents and children that
has to remain rocklike year after year. Putting children first
would mean that adults would make a contract--not to live together
or sleep together but to take joint responsibility for a child or
an elderly adult. Some of these arrangements will look very much
like today's marriages, with a heterosexual couple undertaking
the care of their biological children. Others will look like
nothing we've seen before, at least not in suburban America,
especially since there's no natural limit on the number of
contracting caretakers. A group of people--male, female, gay,
straight--will unite in their responsibility for the children they
bear or acquire through the local Artificial Reproduction Center.
Heather may routinely have two mommies, or at least a whole bunch
of resident aunts--which is, of course, more or less how things
have been for eons in such distinctly unbohemian settings as the
tribal village.
So how will things play out this century and beyond? Just so you
will be prepared, here's my timeline:
Between 2000 and 2339: geographical diversity prevails. The
Southeast and a large swath of the Rockies will go for Scenario B
(early marriage, no divorce). Oregon, California and New York
will offer renewable marriages, and a few states will go
monosexual, as in Scenario A. But because of the 1996 Defense of
Marriage Act, each state is entitled to recognize only the kinds
of "marriages" it approves of, so you will need a "marriage visa"
to travel across the country, at least if you intend to share a
motel room.
Between 2340 and 2387: NATO will be forced to intervene in the
Custody Wars that break out between the Polygamous Republic of
Utah and the Free Love Zone of the Central Southwest. A huge
refugee crisis will develop when singles are ethnically cleansed
from the Christian Nation of Idaho. Florida will be partitioned
into divorce-free and marriage-free zones.
In 2786: the new President's Inauguration will be attended by all
five members of the mixed-sex, multiracial commune that raised
her. She will establish sizable tax reductions for couples or
groups of any size that create stable households for their
children and other dependents. Peace will break out.
And in 2999: a scholar of ancient history will discover these
words penned by a gay writer named Fenton Johnson back in 1996:
"The mystery of love and life and death is really grander and
more glorious than human beings can grasp, much less legislate."
He will put this sentence onto a bumper sticker. The message will
spread. We will realize that the sexes can't live without each
other, but neither can they be joined at the hip. We will grow
up.
Barbara Ehrenreich is author of the forthcoming book
Nickle-and-Dimed: Surviving in Low-Wage America
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