TIME 100: Leaders & Revolutionaries - Mohandas Gandhi






-- The Indian National Congress maintained its grip on the entire native market for foreign cloth in Bombay (several hundred shops), which has been closed for six months. Nevertheless Bombay (chief commercial city) and Bombay Presidency are not India, and imports to the entire continent fell only 25% during the first eight months of 1930. Mr. Gandhi's boycott is credited with reducing imports (i.e., sales by Britain) 5%, the rest of the decline, 20%, being charged to "Depression."

-- Strikes and mass demonstrations have decreased in frequency throughout India, but in the punjab (north) and Calcutta (east), the districts furthest from Gandhiland proper (the Bombay Presidency), the Government faces much spontaneous violence: assaults, attempted assassinations, assassinations of British officials, particularly the military. The British Inspector General of Prisons in Bengal (east) was recently assassinated.

-- In Burma Province a force of 1,000 well-armed native rebels swept through the villages of southeast Tharrawaddy, murdered British Forest Ranger H.V.W. Fields Clarke. British and Indian troops including the famed East Kent Buffs, scourge of many an Indian uprising, moved against them. In London Mr. U BaPe, Burmese representative at the Round Table Conference, sought to exonerate his countrymen on the ground that dispatches said the rioters wore "only blue pajama bottoms." "That dress is not Burmese," said he severely. "It approaches more nearly the Shan dress.

-- Correspondents nearly all believe that if the British Parliament (on a recommendation from the Round Table) grants India full "dominion status," the Gandhite Independence Movement can be diverted into that channel.

If, however, the name only of "dominion status" is granted (with its implicit "right of secession" temporarily reserved), there is about an even chance that the Indian National Congress can be horn-swoggled into quiescence.

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Mohandas Gandhi

January 5, 1931


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